SOURCES – 15 foods once marketed as medicine

The following sources were consulted in the preparation of the article “15 foods once marketed as medicine.”

Rivlin, R. S. (2001). Recent advances on the nutritional effects associated with the use of garlic as a supplement: Historical perspective on the use of garlic [PDF]. The Journal of Nutrition, 131(Suppl), 951S–954S. https://magistralbr.caldic.com/storage/product-files/1978847534.pdf

Szymanski, M. (n.d.). Sexual Dysfunction as ‘The National Disease of America’ [PDF]. University of Florida Digital Collections. Retrieved December 12, 2025, from https://ufdcimages.uflib.ufl.edu/UF/E0/05/10/35/00001/SZYMANSKI_M.pdf

The Review and Herald (1898, December 1). Use of malt extract as digestive aid. https://documents.adventistarchives.org/Periodicals/LH/LH19091201-V24-12.pdf

White, A. (2021, November 16). The grape cure. Wellcome Collection. https://wellcomecollection.org/stories/YY0oXBEAACUAL0Na

The Herbal Brain, LLC Research Division. (2020). Lemon (Citrus limonum). Herbal Energetics. Retrieved December 13, 2025, from https://www.herbsociety.org/file_download/82ee983e-e473-49e8-9e4b-9f2302fc76e9

Harkness, L. (2002). The history of enteral nutrition therapy: From raw eggs and nasal tubes to purified amino acids and early postoperative jejunal delivery. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 102(3), 399–404. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0002-8223(02)90092-1

Beef tea historical overview (Royal College of Physicians blog):

Farrell, A. (2016, April 8). Beef tea, a very 19th century remedy. Royal College of Physicians. https://history.rcp.ac.uk/blog/beef-tea-very-19th-century-remedy

Restorative Medicine. (n.d.). Pineapple enzyme (bromelain). RestorativeMedicine.org. Retrieved December 13, 2025, from https://restorativemedicine.org/library/monographs/bromelain/

Fernie, W. T. (1930). Herbal Simples Approved for Modern Uses of Cure (Project Gutenberg eBook). Retrieved from https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/19352.html.images

Botanical.com. (n.d.). Almonds (Prunus dulcis). A Modern Herbal. Retrieved December 13, 2025, from https://botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/a/almon026.html

Museum of Hot Chocolate. (n.d.). The health revolution. Retrieved December 13, 2025, from https://www.museumofhotchocolate.co.uk/the-health-revolution.html

Christopher Hobbs. (n.d.). Horseradish. Retrieved December 13, 2025, from https://christopherhobbs.com/herbal-therapeutics-database/herb/horseradish/

California Fig Syrup Company. (n.d.). Syrup of figs. In Wikipedia. Retrieved December 13, 2025, from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syrup_of_figs

Staub, P. O., Casu, L., & Leonti, M. (2016). Back to the roots: A quantitative survey of herbal drugs in Dioscorides’ De Materia Medica. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 178, 18–32. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5452224/

Staub, P. O., Casu, L., & Leonti, M. (2016). Back to the roots: A quantitative survey of herbal drugs in Dioscorides’ De Materia Medica. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 178, 18–32.